This website is intended for healthcare professionals
This website is intended for healthcare professionals
According to Public Health England (Burton et al, 2016), alcohol is increasingly a leading cause of death in the 50–69 age group in England. This group has the highest rate of alcohol consumption, and...
Mr K was a gentleman with a new spinal cord injury who sustained his injury following a motorbike accident – the injury occurred at level T6. He began experiencing autonomic dysreflexia episodes and...
It is estimated that there are over 15.6 million intravenous drug users worldwide, although it is acknowledged that this may be a gross underestimation due to the illegality and stigma associated with...
Blood vessels are often described as channels that carry blood throughout the body, forming a closed circuit that begins and ends at the heart. Blood travels through the blood vessels following a...
Jane (a pseudonym has been used to protect the patient's anonymity; Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) 2018), is a 45-year-old woman who had been referred to the surgery following an attendance at an...
Heart failure is a complex multifactorial syndrome with various possible underlying causes. Most patients will initially present to primary care with signs and symptoms of heart failure, such as...
During immunosuppression, the normal function of the immune system is inhibited. Treatments, such as chemotherapy, disrupt the normal function of the cell cycle, which consequently causes...
The recognised normal range for serum sodium concentration (SNa) in adults is accepted as 135-145 millimoles per litre (mmol/litre). Hyponatraemia is more commonly an excess of total body water rather...
Although often associated with extreme conditions and environments such as during military combat, natural disaster or arctic exploration, hypothermia and cold injuries can also occur in more familiar...
A BP measurement, in its simplest form, is a determinant of individual cardiac output (the volume of blood pumped out of the heart and into the aorta per minute) and the systematic vascular resistance...
Early recognition of people who are at risk of developing skin breakdown is an essential part of prevention. Assessment of the skin should be part of a holistic approach and carried out regularly in...
In the UK each year, around 1900 new cases of childhood (0-14 years) cancers are diagnosed (Children with Cancer UK, 2021). The most common are:.
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