References
Unmasking impostor phenomenon: a study of nurses in specialist roles
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the incidence of impostor phenomenon among 79 nurses in specialist roles in a single NHS trust in England, using an online anonymous questionnaire that included the Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale and free-text responses. Results indicated a high prevalence of impostor phenomenon, with no specific variables predicting its occurrence. Four main themes emerged: self-doubt, role expectations, fear of exposure as an impostor, and factors leading to burnout. The study highlights the need for targeted support and training for this cohort, particularly as impostor phenomenon was found to be prevalent during career transitions and was not limited by gender. The findings have implications for nursing management and education, offering the opportunity to develop specific support mechanisms to alleviate impostor phenomenon and potentially reduce attrition rates in specialist nursing roles.
Impostor phenomenon, characterised by persistent self-doubt and feelings of inadequacy, despite noteworthy achievements, has been extensively studied across various professions. However, its prevalence among nurses, particularly those in specialist roles, remains a relatively unexplored area. This research had a dual purpose: first, to determine whether impostor phenomenon is a concern within this group; and, second, to identify contributing factors, such as tenure in the role, prior experience, self-confidence levels, access to training and support, and instances of absence due to confidence issues.
Given the NHS's current focus on nurse recruitment and retention, comprehending the impact of impostor phenomenon on this crucial segment of health professionals carries significant implications for workforce wellbeing and patient care (Stacey, 2022). This study concentrated on this under-researched area, seeking to highlight the experiences of impostor phenomenon among nurses in specialist roles and proposing specific interventions to alleviate its effects.
Impostor phenomenon is a term originally coined by Clance and Imes (1978) to describe individuals who, despite substantial professional accomplishments, are unable to internalise their success and suffer from chronic self-doubt. They think their achievements are not due to their competence, but are down to luck, effort or the ability to deceive others into thinking they are more competent than they believe themselves to be.
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