02 September 2023 02 Sep 2023

When suspicion of myeloma is raised, a number of investigations are required to confirm the diagnosis. These include bone marrow aspirate and biopsy. The presence of plasma cells greater than 10% leads to a diagnosis of myeloma, in addition to the evidence of end-organ damage namely hypercalcaemia, renal impairment, anaemia or lytic bone disease (known as CRAB symptoms) (Rajkumar, 2020).