References

Antonovsky A. Health, stress and coping.San Francisco (CA): Jossey-Bass; 1979

New law protects rights of persons with mental illness. The Observer (Uganda). 2019. https://tinyurl.com/y527tt2q (25 January 2021)

The journey of making mental health a development priority. From poverty to power (Oxfam Policy and Practice website blog). 2019. https://tinyurl.com/y45bp3aa (accessed 25 January 2021)

Corrigan P. How stigma interferes with mental health care. Am Psychol.. 2004; 59:(7)614-625 https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.59.7.614

Cosgrove L, Mills C, Karter JM, Mehta A, Kalathil J. A critical review of the Lancet Commission on global mental health and sustainable development: Time for a paradigm change. Critical Public Health.. 2020; 30:(5)624-631 https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2019.1667488

Stigma and silence. 2017. https://tinyurl.com/y6l27rne (accessed 25 January 2021)

Mentally ill shackled and neglected in Africa’s crisis regions. 2014. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/arts/mentally-ill-shackled-and-neglected-in-africas-crisis-regions (accessed 25 January 2021)

Hammond R. Condemned: mental health in African countries in crisis.Montpelier (France): FotoEvidence; 2013

Henderson C, Evans-Lacko S, Thornicroft G. Mental illness stigma, help seeking, and public health programs. Am J Public Health.. 2013; 103:(5)777-780 https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.301056

Jenkins R. Global mental health and sustainable development 2018. BJPsych Int.. 2019; 16:(2)34-37 https://doi.org/10.1192/bji.2019.5

Link B, Hatzenbuehler ML. Stigma as an unrecognized determinant of population health: research and policy implications. J Health Polit Policy Law.. 2016; 41:(4)653-673 https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-3620869

Mahomed F, Stein MA, Chauhan A, Pathare S. ‘They love me, but they don’t understand me’: family support and stigmatisation of mental health service users in Gujarat, India. Int J Soc Psychiatry.. 2019; 65:(1)73-79 https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764018816344

Medical Research Council. The MRC funds £2m study to address global mental health stigma. 2018. https://tinyurl.com/y3xh745w (accessed 25 January 2021)

Mills C. From ‘invisible problem’ to global priority: the inclusion of mental health in the sustainable development goals. Development and Change.. 2018; 49:(3)843-866 https://doi.org/10.1111/dech.12397

Standing up to global mental health stigma. 2018. https://tinyurl.com/y5n3a8sn (accessed 25 January 2021)

NHS website. Dissociative disorders. 2020. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dissociative-disorders/ (accessed 25 January 2021)

Nepal’s menstrual huts: what can be done about this practice of confining women to cow sheds? The Conversation. 2019. https://tinyurl.com/y3env6pu (accessed 25 January 2021)

Patel V, Saxena S, Lund C The Lancet Commission on global mental health and sustainable development. Lancet.. 2018; 392:(10157)1553-1598 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31612-X

Rabaia Y, Saleh MF, Giacaman R. Sick or sad? Supporting Palestinian children living in conditions of chronic political violence. Children and Society.. 2014; 28:(3)172-181 https://doi.org/10.1111/chso.12061

Scott N, Crane M, Lafontaine M, Seale H, Currow D. Stigma as a barrier to diagnosis of lung cancer: patient and general practitioner perspectives. Prim Health Care Res Dev.. 2015; 16:(06)618-622 https://doi.org/10.1017/S1463423615000043

Stangl AL, Earnshaw VA, Logie CH The Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework: a global, crosscutting framework to inform research, intervention development, and policy on health-related stigmas. BMC Med.. 2019; 17:(1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-019-1271-3

United Nations. UN Sustainable development goals. #Envision2030: 17 goals to transform the world for persons with disabilities. 2015. https://tinyurl.com/y5gttgwq (accessed 25 January 2021)

United Nations. Report of the Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. A/HRC/41/34. 2019. https://tinyurl.com/yx8j2dno (accessed 25 January 2021)

World Health Organization, Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation. Social determinants of mental health. 2014. https://tinyurl.com/ycxn67ev (accessed 25 January 2021)

First, we need to talk: mental healthcare in the MENA region. 2018. https://tinyurl.com/yy8cy2jp (accessed 25 January 2021)

How do we engage global communities in the de-stigmatisation of mental illness?

11 February 2021
Volume 30 · Issue 3

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) has acknowledged that high-income countries often address discrimination against people with mental health problems, but that low/middle income countries often have significant gaps in their approach to this subject—in how they measure the problem, and in strategies, policies and programmes to prevent it. Localised actions have occurred. These include the Hong Kong government's 2017 international conference on overcoming the stigma of mental illness, and the 2018 London Global Ministerial Mental Health Summit. Furthermore, the UK's Medical Research Council has funded Professor Graham Thornicroft (an expert in mental health discrimination and stigma) to undertake a global study. These and other approaches are welcome and bring improvements; however, they often rely on traditional westernised, ‘global north’ views/approaches. Given the rapid global demographic changes/dynamics and the lack of evidence demonstrating progress towards positive mental health globally, it is time to consider alternative and transformative approaches that encompasses diverse cultures and societies and aligns to the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically UN SDG 3 (Good health and wellbeing). This article describes the need for the change and suggests how positive change can be achieved through transnational inclusive mental health de-stigmatising education.

Some countries embrace and others exclude people with a mental illness. There are multiple contextual reasons why there is a need to develop alternative mental health de-stigmatising education. These include global/geographical, political, societal, cultural, religious and professional influences. The prevalence of mental health-related problems globally has been a concern for many years. The World Health Organization (WHO) acknowledged that, in high-income countries, this is often, though not always, being addressed and that low- and middle-income countries often have a ‘significant gap’ in how they ‘measure the problem, and in strategies, policies and programmes to prevent mental disorders' (WHO, 2014:8).

Evidence exists that suggests there are factors that can delay or even prevent the treatment of mental illness (Corrigan, 2004; Henderson et al, 2013). These factors include poor understanding of mental illness as well as prejudice and discrimination against people with a mental illness. There have been several attempts to demonstrate how stigma has a major impact on whether health intervention is sought (for example by Scott et al (2015) and Link et al (2016)). By inference, through changing these factors, it should reduce stigma towards those with a mental illness, but also help people to seek out and participate in mental health care.

Register now to continue reading

Thank you for visiting British Journal of Nursing and reading some of our peer-reviewed resources for nurses. To read more, please register today. You’ll enjoy the following great benefits:

What's included

  • Limited access to clinical or professional articles

  • Unlimited access to the latest news, blogs and video content